Comparison of bacterial microleakage of three bioactive endodontic sealers in simulated underwater diving and aviation conditions

Abstract Background Bacterial microleakage is an important cause of apical periodontitis and endodontic treatment failure. This study aimed to assess the bacterial nano-mineral trioxide aggregate (nano-MTA) as a sealer, Endoseal MTA, GuttaFlow Bioseal sealers in atmospheric pressure, simulated underwater diving aviation conditions. Methods In this vitro, experimental study, 180 extracted single-rooted teeth were cleaned shaped, then randomly divided into three groups for single-cone obturation using Bioseal, or nano-MTA sealer. Each group was subgroups, subjected ambient 2 atm pressure (to simulate diving), 0.5 aviation) custom-made chamber. The underwent microbial leakage test Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), percentage samples showing recorded up 1 month, analyzed Chi-square test. Results sealer significantly different regarding ( P < 0.05). showed higher after 15 days than other two = 0.006). effect on not significant any > Conclusion Within limitations vitro it may be concluded that technique results lower resistance compared with use MTA. Pressure changes conditions had no microleakage. Trial Registration Number human subject research.